Nursing assessment of fluid balance requires close monitoring and recording of a patient’s fluid intake and output.
Nursing assessment of fluid balance is vital in determining fluid status and electrolyte balance. Measures can be taken to intervene to correct an imbalance either through fluid therapy, if there is a deficit, or diuretics in the case of fluid overload.
It is a nurse’s responsibility to ensure that patients are assessed on a continual basis to ensure that their hydration needs are met. Fluid imbalance can arise from a number of causes and can have detrimental effects on body function. Nurses, therefore, need to have a sound understanding of pathophysiological principles of hypovolaemia, normovolemia, hypervolaemia and fluid shifting.
A working knowledge of the different fluid types is also essential to avoid potential complications and adverse reactions. It is also important to note that all patients receiving IV therapy, through a peripheral IV site, are at risk of developing associated complications. This highlights the need for nurses to regularly assess IV sites to ensure early detection and management of problems.

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A guide to intravenous fluids (IV)
This video provides a general guide to intravenous fluids. It should not be used to aid treatment decisions, it is purely for educational purposes.
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IV fluid tonicity: Isotonic solutions, Hypotonic solutions, and Hypertonic solutions
What the differences are in Isotonic solutions, Hypotonic solutions, and Hypertonic solutions. For more fun information, visit http://instagram.com/tootrn or www.tootRN.com -
Overview of Fluid and Electrolyte Physiology (Fluid Compartment)
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Fluid and Electrolytes Easy Memorization Tricks for Nursing NCLEX RN & LPN
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What are the key concepts the NCLEX wants RN nursing students and LPN students to know about fluid and electrolyte imbalances?
Fluid and electrolyte imbalances includes imbalances of the 6 electrolytes:
- Potassium: Hyperkalemia & Hypokalemia
- Sodium: Hypernatremia & Hyponatremia
- Calcium: Hypercalcemia & Hypocalcemia
- Magnesium: Hypermagnesemia & Hypomagnesemia
- Chloride: Hyperchloremia & Hypochloremia
- Phosphate: Hyperphosphatemia & Hypophosphatemia
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This video is part of a 12 video fluid and electrolytes series to help registered nurse RN students and LPN students with electrolyte imbalance memorization tricks. In this video Michael Linares, RN from Simple Nursing helps pinpoint the exact pathophysiology, causes, and treatments of fluid and electrolyte imbalances, which is expected to know for the NCLEX, HESI, ATI, and Kaplan proctor exams.
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Hydration
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Completing a 24hr Fluid Balance Chart
The Rotherham NHS Foundation Trust
Completing a 24hr Fluid Balance Chart
A Balancing Act: Maintaining accurate fluid balance charting
Fluid balance charting is not a new practice based issue in nursing. Evidence reveals that fluid balance charts have been poorly and inaccurately maintained since 1985 (Chung et al, 2002; Scales & Pilsworth, 2008).
https://healthtimes.com.au/hub/nutrition-and-hydration/42/practice/nc1/a-balancing-act-maintaining-accurate-fluid-balance-charting/2167/
Fluid Balance
Daily fluid balance is the daily sum of all intakes and outputs, and the cumulative fluid balance is the sum total of fluid accumulation over a set period of time
https://lifeinthefastlane.com/ccc/fluid-balance/
Fluids Management – Theory and Practice
Deciding on the correct IV fluid management for hospital patients is something that junior doctors are faced with on a daily basis.
http://fluidstutorial.com/index.html
Everything you need to know about electrolytes
An electrolyte is a substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water. They are essential for a number of bodily functions.
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/153188.php
Electrolyte Imbalance + Normal Ranges and Disturbances for Common Electrolytes
Electrolyte imbalances can occur due to hundreds of factors, none of which line up in neat, tidy queues.
https://www.ausmed.com/articles/normal-electrolyte-levels/
Bontant, T., Matrot, B., Abdoul, H., Aizenfisz, S., Naudin, J., Jones, P., & Dauger, S. (2015). Assessing fluid balance in critically ill paediatric patients. European Journal of Paediatrics, 174(1), 133-137. doi:10.1007/s00431-014-2372-9
Crawford, D. (2018). Understanding fluid homeostasis in infants and children: part 1. Nursing Children & Young People, 30(1), 39-46. doi:10.7748/ncyp.2018.e947
Georgiades, D. (2016). A balancing act: maintaining accurate fluid balance charting. Australian Nursing & Midwifery Journal, 24(6), 28-31.
Gooch, M. D. (2015). Identifying acid-base and electroylyte imbalances. Nurse Practitioner, 40(8), 37-42. doi:10.1097/01.NPR.0000469255.98119.82
Gross, W., Samarin, M., & Kimmons, L. A. (2017). Choice of Fluids for Resuscitation of the Critically Ill: What Nurses Need to Know. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 40(4), 309-322. doi:10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000170
Kear, T. M. (2017). Fluid and electrolyte management across the age continuum. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 44(6), 491-497.
McGloin, S. (2015). The ins and outs of fluid balance in the acutely ill patient. British Journal of Nursing, 24(1), 14-18. doi:10.12968/bjon.2015.24.1.14
Nazli, A., Brigham-Chan, F., Fernandes, M., & Anjum, A. (2016). Adequacy of fluid balance chart documentation on wards. Clinical Medicine, 16, s21-s21. doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.16-3-s21